In Islam, food isn’t just about taste or culture, it’s deeply connected to faith, obedience, and health.
The Quran, which is the holy book of Islam, clearly outlines what Muslims are allowed to eat (halal) and what they must avoid (haram).
This guide explains the types of food Allah has forbidden in the Quran.
What Does Haram Mean?
In Arabic, haram means “forbidden” or “prohibited.” When it comes to food, haram items are those that Muslims are not allowed to eat or drink. The opposite of haram is halal, which means “permissible.”
Also read on What is the Difference Between Halal Meat and Normal Meat?
The Quran is the main source of Islamic teachings. It outlines several types of food that are haram for Muslims.
These prohibitions are meant to protect spiritual well-being, physical health, and moral values.
Why Are Some Foods Forbidden?
Allah does not forbid things randomly. In Islam, everything that is haram is considered harmful in some way; physically, spiritually, or socially. The goal is to help believers live a clean, healthy, and responsible life.
The Quran says in Surah Al-Baqarah 2:168:
“O mankind, eat from whatever is on earth [that is] lawful and good and do not follow the footsteps of Satan. Indeed, he is to you a clear enemy.”
1. Dead Animals (Carrion)
Quranic Reference:
Surah Al-Baqarah 2:173
“He has only forbidden to you dead animals, blood, the flesh of swine, and that which has been dedicated to other than Allah…”
Explanation: Carrion refers to animals that die on their own, not through proper slaughter. Eating such meat is forbidden because the animal might have died from disease, injury, or poison, making it unsafe.
Exceptions:
In extreme situations where no other food is available and a person’s life is at risk, eating carrion is allowed to save a life. (See: Quran 2:173, 5:3)
2. Blood
Quranic Reference:
Surah Al-An’am 6:145
“Say, ‘I do not find within that which was revealed to me [anything] forbidden to one who would eat it unless it be a dead animal or blood poured forth…’”
Explanation: Islam forbids the consumption of blood because it carries waste products and can be a source of disease. Modern science also supports that consuming raw or congealed blood may be harmful to health.
3. Flesh of Swine (Pork)
Quranic Reference:
Surah Al-Nahl 16:115
“He has only forbidden you dead animals, blood, the flesh of swine, and that which has been dedicated to other than Allah…”
Explanation: Pork is one of the most well-known haram foods. The pig is considered unclean in Islamic tradition. Scientific studies have also shown that pork can carry harmful parasites if not properly cooked.
4. Animals Slaughtered in the Name of Others Besides Allah
Quranic Reference:
Surah Al-Ma’idah 5:3
“…and that which is slaughtered as a sacrifice for others than Allah…”
Explanation: In Islam, animals must be slaughtered in the name of Allah. If an animal is offered as a sacrifice to idols, saints, or any deity other than Allah, its meat is haram. The focus here is on maintaining pure monotheism (Tawheed) in all acts, including eating.
5. Animals That Died by Strangling, Falling, Beating, or Goring
Quranic Reference:
Surah Al-Ma’idah 5:3
“Prohibited to you are dead animals, blood, the flesh of swine… and those killed by strangling, or by a violent blow, or by falling, or by the goring of horns…”
Explanation: If an animal dies from an accident or abuse, it’s considered unclean. This ensures that the process of slaughter is humane and controlled, minimizing suffering and ensuring the animal is healthy at the time of death.
6. Intoxicants (Alcohol and Drugs)
Quranic Reference:
Surah Al-Ma’idah 5:90
“O you who have believed, indeed, intoxicants, gambling, [sacrificing on] stone alters [to other than Allah], and divining arrows are but defilement from the work of Satan, so avoid it that you may be successful.”
Explanation: Although not technically a “food,” alcohol and mind-altering drugs are considered haram. They affect judgment, lead to addiction, and can cause serious health and social problems. Anything that intoxicates and clouds the mind is forbidden.
7. Carnivorous Animals and Birds with Talons
While not directly mentioned in the Quran, Hadiths (sayings of Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him) provide further clarification.
Hadith Reference:
“The Messenger of Allah forbade the eating of all fanged beasts of prey, and all birds with talons.”
(Sahih Muslim)
Explanation: Animals like lions, tigers, eagles, and hawks are not allowed because they are predators and often eat dead or impure things.
8. Halal Animals Not Properly Slaughtered
Even if an animal is halal, like a cow or chicken, it becomes haram if not slaughtered according to Islamic rites. The process involves:
- Saying “Bismillah” (In the name of Allah)
- Using a sharp knife to cut the throat swiftly
- Ensuring the blood drains out
If this method isn’t followed, the meat is considered not halal.
The Purpose Behind These Rules
Islamic dietary laws are not random restrictions. They promote:
- Health and hygiene
- Animal welfare
- Spiritual discipline
- Social responsibility
Following these rules is part of being mindful of Allah in everyday life.
Exceptions in Times of Need
Allah is merciful, and the Quran makes it clear that if someone is starving and has no choice, they can eat forbidden food just to survive.
Quranic Reference:
Surah Al-Baqarah 2:173
“…But if one is forced by necessity, without willful disobedience, nor transgressing due limits—then there is no sin on him. Verily, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.”
How to Make Sure Food is Halal
- Check labels – Look for halal certification symbols.
- Ask questions – Especially when eating at restaurants.
- Avoid doubt – If you’re unsure whether something is halal, it’s better to leave it.
- Learn ingredients – Know what goes into common products (e.g., gelatin, enzymes, alcohol-based flavorings).
Common Modern-Day Foods to Watch
- Gummy candies and marshmallows (may contain pork gelatin)
- Processed meats (may not be halal slaughtered)
- Cheese (may contain animal-based enzymes)
- Desserts with alcohol flavoring (even trace amounts)
- Energy drinks (some contain alcohol or harmful ingredients)
FAQs
1. Is seafood halal in Islam?
Most scholars agree that seafood is halal unless it’s harmful to health. However, some Islamic schools of thought avoid shellfish.
2. Can Muslims eat at non-Muslim restaurants?
Yes, as long as the food is halal and not cross-contaminated with haram items.
3. What about vegetarian food?
Vegetarian food is usually halal unless it includes alcohol or haram ingredients like gelatin.